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Mapp v. Ohio
''Mapp v. Ohio'', (367 U.S. 643 ) (1961), was a landmark case in criminal procedure, in which the United States Supreme Court decided that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," may not be used in state law criminal prosecutions in state courts, as well, as had previously been the law, as in federal criminal law prosecutions in federal courts. The Supreme Court accomplished this by use of a principle known as selective incorporation; in ''Mapp'' this involved the incorporation of the provisions, as interpreted by the Court, of the Fourth Amendment which are applicable only to actions of the federal government into the Fourteenth Amendment due process clause which is applicable to actions of the states.
== Background of the case ==
Ohio police were looking for a criminal accused of a bombing and had been tipped off that he was hiding in Dollree (pronounced doll ray) Mapp's house. Police came to her house, and when she didn't answer the door the police officers forced entry. In the house, she demanded to see the police's search warrant, but upon presentation, she asked for the document and placed it underneath her clothing. She was then handcuffed on the grounds of accused belligerence as police searched her house. The criminal wasn't in the house, but police found obscene materials which she was charged for, as possession of obscene materials was a criminal offense in Ohio at the time.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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